What are the main functions of springs
(1) Control the movement of machinery, such as valve spring in internal combustion engine, control spring in clutch, etc.
(2) Absorb vibration and impact energy, such as buffer springs under cars and trains, vibration absorbing springs in couplings, etc.
(3) Store and output energy as power, such as clock spring, spring in firearms, etc.
(4) Used as a force measuring element, such as a force measuring device, a spring in a spring scale, etc. The ratio of load to deformation of the spring is called spring stiffness. The greater the stiffness, the harder the spring is. Spring is an elastic element widely used in the mechanical and electronic industries. When loaded, the spring can produce large elastic deformation and convert mechanical work or kinetic energy into deformation energy. After unloading, the deformation of the spring disappears and returns to the original state, converting the deformation energy into mechanical work or kinetic energy.
(5) Measurement function we know that the extension (or contraction) of the spring is proportional to the external force within the elastic limit. The spring scale is made by using this property of spring.
(6) Pressing function: when observing various electrical switches, it will be found that one of the two contacts of the switch must be equipped with a spring to ensure that the two contacts are in close contact and good conduction. If the contact is poor, the resistance at the contact will become large, and the heat generated when the current passes will become large. In serious cases, the metal at the contact will melt. The two metal columns of the bayonet lamp base are equipped with springs for good contact; As for the central metal sheet of the screw socket lamp cap and the connecting metal sheet of all sockets, they are all reeds. Their function is to make both sides contact closely to keep them in good condition. In the cassette tape, there is a phosphor bronze spring, which makes the magnetic head and the tape contact closely by the elastic force generated when it is bent and deformed. There is a long coil spring in the stapler. On the one hand, it is used to hold the staples tightly. On the other hand, when the staples in front of Z are pushed out, the latter can be sent to the front of Z for comfortable pushing out. In this way, the staples can be automatically pushed to the front of Z until all the staples are pushed out. Many machines feed automatically, and the automatic loading of bullets in automatic rifles depends on this function of springs. In addition, clips such as clothes clips, ball point pens, and clip pieces on pen covers are all clamped on clothes by the compression function of springs.
(7) Return function: the spring deforms under the action of external force. After the external force is removed, the spring can recover. Many tools and equipment are reset by spring. For example, the hinges of the doors of many buildings are equipped with return springs. After people enter and leave, the doors will automatically reset. People also use this function to make automatic umbrellas, automatic pencils and other supplies, which is very convenient. In addition, all kinds of buttons and keys also need return springs.
(8) Mechanical clocks and clocks with driving function and clockwork toys are driven by winding up. When the spring is tightened, the spring will bend and deform to store a certain elastic potential energy. After release, the elastic potential energy is converted into kinetic energy, which is driven to rotate by the transmission device. The toy guns and starting guns and military guns also work by using one of the properties of springs.
(9) Buffer function: a spring is installed between the frame and the wheel of the locomotive and automobile, and the spring elasticity is used to slow down the bumping of the vehicle. Vibration sound function: when the air flows from the spring hole in the harmonica and accordion, it impacts the reed, and the reed vibrates to make a sound.
